1854 through 1954
1830-1860 Underground railroad leads 100,000+ slaves to freedom in US
1837-1901 Reign of Queen Victoria (Hanover)
1848-1856 1st gold rush in California -- Sutters Mill
1852-1859 3rd Cholera pandemic
1853-1856 Franklin Pierce president of US
1854-1856 Crimean War
1854 Nebraska organized as a territory
1854 Kansas organized as a territory
1856 Celluloid, the first thermoplastic
1857-1860 James Buchanan president of US
1857-1866 Transatlantic cable laid
1857 Dred Scott decision: Blacks could not be US citizens
1858 Minnesota enters the union - 32nd
1858 India bill transfers government of India to England
1859 Darwin pub. Origin Of Species
1859 Oil Well
1859 Oregon enters the union - 33rd
1860 South Carolina Secedes from the Union
1860 Rifled barrel invented
1861-1865 Abraham Lincoln president of US
1861 Gold rush in New Zealand
1861 Colorado organized as a territory
1861-1865 Confederate States of America Exist
1861 North Dakota organized as a territory
1861-1865 Civil War
1861 South Dakota organized as a territory
1861 Nevada organized as a territory
1861 Kansas enters the union - 34th
1861 Transcontinental Telegraph completed
1861 The Apache Declare War on the US
1862 US Homestead act
1863 Arizona organized as a territory
1863 Idaho organized as a territory
1863 West Virginia enters the union - 35th
1863 Battle of Gettysburg
1863 Emancipation Proclamation frees southern slaves
1863-1879 4th Cholera pandemic
1864 Louisiana organized as a territory
1864 Nevada enters the union - 36th
1865 Ku Klux Klan founded
1865 President Lincoln assassinated
1865 Lister invents Disinfection
1866 Walker, Mitchell 1st elected US black officials (Massachusetts)
1866-1868 Andrew Johnson president of US
1867 Confederation of Canada
1867 Diamonds discovered in South Africa
1867 Dynamite
1867 Nebraska enters the union - 37th
1867 Alaska purchased from Russia
1868-1878 War between Cuba and Spain
1868 Helium discovered (Norman Lockyer)
1869 Suez canal opened
1869 Trans-continental railroad completed
1869-1876 Ulysses S Grant president of US
1869 Cutty Sark built
1869 Financial black friday caused by attempt to corner gold
1870 US black men can vote
1870 1st black US senator (Hiram Revels)
1870-1871 Franco-Prussian war
1871 Great Fire destroys Chicago
1873 Color Photographs
1873-1878 Depression, banks fail
1876 Colorado enters the union - 38th
1876 Little Big Horn - Battle
1876 Telephone (Bell, Latimer)
1876 US Centennial
1877 Wax Cylinder Musical Recordings
1877-1880 Ruthorford B Hayes president of US
1878 1st commercial telephone exchange in US
1879 Electric Light Bulb (Edison)
1879 Zulu war
1881 James A Garfield president of US
1881-1885 Chester Arthur president of US
1881 President Garfield assassinated (dies of med. care)
1881-1896 5th Cholera pandemic
1884 1st subway
1884 Motorcycle
1885 Automobile
1885-1888 Grover Cleveland president of US
1886 Induction Telegraph (Grandville T. Woods)
1887 X-Rays (Tesla, not Rontgen!)
1888 Great Blizzard of 1888 - 400+ deaths
1888 70...77 rpm musical records
1889 Holerith invents the punch card
1889 Washington enters the union - 42nd
1889-1892 Benjamin Harrison president of US
1889 Montana enters the union - 41st
1889 South Dakota enters the union - 40th
1889 North Dakota enters the union - 39th
1890 Idaho enters the union - 43rd
1890 Wyoming enters the union - 44th
1890 Battle of Wounded Knee
1890 Oklahoma organized as a territory
1891 Mormon prophesy of coming of lord by 1891 unfulfilled
1893 New Zealand is 1st to grant women right to vote
1893-1896 Grover Cleveland president of US
1893-1897 US Financial panic, depression
1893 Nikola Tesla invents Radio (not Marconi!)
1893 Movies
1894-1895 Chinese-Japanese war (1)
1894 Plague in Hong Kong and China - 1 million die
1896 Utah enters the union - 45th
1896 Supreme court approves separate but equal segregation
1897-1901 William McKinley president of US
1898 Spanish American 1-year war
1899-1902 Boer war
1899-1923 6th Cholera pandemic
1900 Boxer rebellion in China
1900 Galveston Hurricane - 8,000 killed
1900 Hawaii organized as a territory
1901 First British submarine launched
1901-1910 Reign of King Edward VII (Saxe-Coburg)
1901 Third law of thermodynamics postulated (W. H. Nernst)
1901 Max Planck formulates the Laws of Radiation
1901-1908 Theodore Roosevelt president of US
1901 US President William McKinley assassinated
1901 Commonwealth of Australia founded
1901 Oil discovered in Texas in significant amounts
1903 Nikola Tesla patents logic gates
1903 Airplane
1904 Radar
1904-1905 Russian-Japanese war
1907 Plastic
1907 Oklahoma enters the union - 46th
1908 Tunguska atmospheric object explosion
1909 Union of South Africa formed
1909-1912 William Howard Taft president of US
1909 North pole reached by Matthew Henson of Robert Pearys exp.
1910-1936 Reign of King George V (Windsor)
1910 Japan annexes Korea
1910 Halleys Comet
1911 South pole reached by Roald Amundsen
1912 New Mexico enters the union - 47th
1912 Titanic sinks
1912 Arizona enters the union - 48th
1912 Alaska organized as a territory
1913-1920 Woodrow Wilson president of US
1914 The Bra
1914-1918 World War I
1915 Einstein's Theory of Relativity
1916 Sonar
1916 Irish Easter Rebellion
1917 Russian revolution
1917 US enters WWI
1918-1933 Prohibition
1918-1920 Flu epidemic - 25 million plus die
1919 League of Nations instantiated
1919 Shortwave Radio
1920 Palestine established
1920-1929 Roaring 20s
1920 Women receive right to vote (US Suffrage)
1921-1924 Warren G Harding president of US
1922 Insulin made available to diabetics
1925 Scopes trial on Evolutionary Theory
1925-1928 Calvin Coolidge president of US
1926 Sound in Movies
1927 Holland Tunnel opens (New York City)
1927 1st transAtlantic solo flight - Lindbergh
1928 Television
1928 Geiger Counter
1928 Penicillin discovered by Sir Alexander Fleming
1928 Video Recordings
1929 Stock Market Crash
1929-1939 Great Depression
1929-1932 Herbert Hoover president of US
1930 Pluto Discovered
1931-1933 Chinese-Japanese war (2)
1933-1945 Franklin D Roosevelt president of US
1933 Armstrong invents FM modulation
1933 Soviet communist party purge
1933 Radio Astronomy
1934 Longshoremans strike - 35,000 on strike for 83 days
1935 Dustbowl
1935-1936 Abyssinian war
1936 Spanish Civil War
1936 Helicopter
1936-1952 Reign of King George VI (Windsor)
1936 Reign of King Edward VIII (Windsor)
1937-1945 Chinese-Japanese war (3)
1937 Nylon (by DuPont)
1938 Germany annexes Austria
1939-1945 World War II
1939 Digital Computer
1939 Aircraft Jet Engine invented (by Ohain)
1940 Color Television
1940 1st black general in US army
1941-1945 Manhattan Project
1942 Nuclear Reactor
1942 Magnetic Recording Tape
1945 Hypertext
1945 United Nations formed
1945 US drops the bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
1945-1952 Harry S Truman president of US
1946 The Bikini
1946-1989 The Cold War
1947 Transistor
1947 India and Pakistan emerge from ex-British India
1947 UN partitions Palestine to Jewish and Arab sections
1948 33 1/3 rpm musical recordings
1948 NATO formed
1948 Israel inaugurated as state
1948 Arabs attack Israel on the day it is inaugurated
1948-1955 Multiple polio epidemics in the USA
1949 Apartheid policy in South Africa
1949 Soviets detonate first nuclear bomb
1949 45 rpm musical recordings
1950-1954 McCarthyism
1950-1953 Korean War
1950 World pop. est. at 2.4 billion
1950 Bunche 1st black to win Nobel Peace Prize
1951 Electricity from Atomic Power
1952 1st Thermonuclear Device Detonated
1952-2022 Reign of Queen Elizabeth II of England
1953-1960 Dwight D Eisenhower president of US
1954 Racial segregation in schools ruled unconstitutional
1954 Womans right to vote (UN Suffrage)
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